![]() ![]() ![]() Theories of recapitulation ceased with the onset of Louis Bolk’s theory of neoteny, which proposed an opposing idea that the “juvenile traits of ancestors develop so slowly in descendants that they become adult features” (148). Stanley Hall and James Sully (psychology), and Herbert Spencer (evolutionary biology). Scientists from wide-ranging fields developed numerous theories outlining a lineage of white superiority, including E.D. In this framework, adult blacks and women who behaved like white male children were proof of the evolution of white males. For scientists interested in ranking human groups, recapitulation was seen as a “general theory of biological determinism” wherein the “ adults of inferior groups must be like children of superior groups” (144). Recapitulation, a theory originated by the zoologist Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919), was also used to illustrate the stages of human psychological or educational development. ![]()
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